International destruction of racial groups A. Matricide B. Regicide C. Genocide D. Homicide
Answer: Option C
Solution: One word substitution is Genocide.
Genocide refers to the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group. It involves specific actions committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such. The acts constituting genocide are defined in Article II of the 1948 Genocide Convention and include killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm, inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about physical destruction, imposing measures to prevent births, and forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.
(A) Matricide: This term refers to the act of killing one’s own mother.
(B) Regicide: This term refers to the act of killing a king or queen.
(C) Genocide: This term accurately describes the intentional destruction of racial groups.
(D) Homicide: This is a general term for the killing of one human being by another. It encompasses various types of killings but does not specifically address the destruction of racial groups.
Therefore, genocide is the most accurate term for the international destruction of racial groups.
The custom of having many wives A. Misogamy B. Bigamy C. Polygamy D. Monogamy
Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Polygamy.
The term polygamy refers to the practice or custom of having more than one spouse at the same time. This umbrella term encompasses both polygyny (a man having multiple wives) and polyandry (a woman having multiple husbands). However, the most common form, and what the question implies by “many wives”, is polygyny. The word itself originates from the Greek words “poly”, meaning “many”, and “gamos”, meaning “marriage”.
Let’s examine the other options:
(A) Misogamy: Misogamy refers to a hatred of marriage.It is derived from the Greek “mis” (hate) and “gamy” (marriage). This is the opposite of the custom of having multiple wives.
(B) Bigamy: Bigamy is the act of entering into a marriage with one person while still being legally married to another. It is considered a criminal offense in many countries where monogamy is the only legally recognized form of marriage. Unlike polygamy, which can be a recognized custom or practice, bigamy usually implies an illegal or deceptive act of marrying a second person without dissolving the first marriage.
(D) Monogamy: Monogamy is the practice or custom of being married to only one person at a time. It emphasizes exclusivity and commitment to a single spouse. This is the direct opposite of having many wives.
Therefore, polygamy is the correct term for the custom of having many wives.
A pioneer of a reform movement A. Apostle B. Apothecary C. Apotheosis D. Renegade
Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Apostle.
While pioneer directly means one who is among the first to develop a new area of knowledge or technique, or explore a new area. the term apostle is used to mean a fervent advocate or supporter of a policy, idea, or cause. It can also describe a person who is a leader in promoting a doctrine or movement.An apostle of a particular philosophy, policy, or cause is someone who strongly believes in it and works hard to promote it. In the context of a “reform movement”, an apostle is an early or leading figure who passionately advocates for and promotes the principles of the reform. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy is widely regarded as a pioneer and apostle of social reform movements in India.
Let’s examine the other options:
(B) Apothecary: An apothecary is a person who prepares and sells medicines, or a pharmacy or drugstore. This term is unrelated to being a pioneer of a reform movement.
(C) Apotheosis: This refers to the highest point in the development of something or the elevation of someone to divine status. While a successful reform movement might reach its apotheosis, the term describes the peak or ideal state, not the initiator.
(D) Renegade: A renegade is someone who abandons their religious, political, or philosophical beliefs or defies established authority. This term describes a defector or rebel, not necessarily a pioneer who initiates a new movement.
Therefore, apostle is the most fitting term among the choices for a pioneer of a reform movement, as it highlights the role of a fervent advocate and leader in promoting the cause.
That which cannot be avoided A. Inevitable B. Irreparable C. Incomparable D. Indisputable
Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Inevitable.
The term inevitable describes something that is certain to happen and cannot be avoided or prevented. It suggests that a particular outcome is unavoidable, regardless of any actions taken to prevent it. The word “inevitable” means “unable to be avoided, evaded, or escaped”. unavoidable and inevitable are synonyms, and means something that cannot be stopped or prevented. Certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented. For example, death is an inevitable part of life.
Let’s examine the other options:
(B) Irreparable: This term means impossible to repair or make right again. It refers to damage or a situation that cannot be fixed or remedied, not something that cannot be avoided in the first place. For example, irreparable damage to a historic building.
(C) Incomparable: This term describes something that is without an equal in quality or extent; matchless. It means that something is so good or unique that it cannot be compared to anything else. For example, her incomparable beauty.
(D) Indisputable: This term describes something that is unable to be challenged or denied; unquestionably true. It refers to facts or evidence that cannot be argued against. For example, indisputable evidence.
Therefore, the most accurate term for “That which cannot be avoided” is inevitable.
One who able to use the right and left hands equally well A. Sinister B. Ambidextrous C. Ambivalent D. Amateur
Answer: Option B
Solution: The one word substitution is Ambidextrous.
The term ambidextrous describes a person who possesses the ability to use both hands with equal ease and skill. This means they don’t have a dominant hand and can perform tasks like writing, throwing, or using tools equally well with either their right or left hand. The word comes from the Latin roots “ambi-“, meaning “both”, and “dexter”, meaning “right” or “favorable”.
(A) Sinister: This term means giving the impression that something harmful or evil is happening or will happen; threatening. It is unrelated to the ability to use hands.
(B) Ambidextrous: As discussed, this is the correct term for someone who can use both hands with equal skill.
(C) Ambivalent: This term describes having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone. It refers to emotional states, not hand dexterity.
(D) Amateur: An amateur is a person who engages in an activity, typically a sport or artistic pursuit, as a pastime or for pleasure rather than as a profession or for financial gain. This relates to the motivation for an activity, not the ability to use hands equally well.
Therefore, based on the definitions, ambidextrous is the most accurate term for one who is able to use the right and left hands equally well.
Too much official formality A. Bureaucracy B. Red-tapism C. Diplomacy D. Autocracy
Answer: Option B
Solution: The one word substitution is Red-tapism
Red-tapism refers to the practice of requiring excessive paperwork and tedious procedures before official action can be considered or completed. It describes excessive regulation or rigid conformity to formal rules that hinders or prevents action or decision-making. The term is often associated with bureaucracy and the delays caused by too much official formality. It can also refer to official rules and processes that seem unnecessary and delay results.
(A) Bureaucracy: While bureaucracy is a system of government or administration where decisions are made by state officials rather than elected representatives, and often characterized by complex rules and procedures, it doesn’t inherently mean “too much” formality. However, bureaucracy can be a characteristic of red-tapism, or red-tapism can be considered a negative aspect of bureaucracy.
(B) Red-tapism: This is the most accurate term for the given phrase, specifically highlighting the excessiveness of official formality leading to delays and inefficiency.
(C) Diplomacy: This is the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country’s representatives abroad. It is unrelated to official formality in a negative sense.
(D) Autocracy: This is a system of government where one person has absolute power. It describes a form of government, not excessive official formality.
Therefore, red-tapism is the most precise term for “too much official formality”.
One who remains absent from duty without permission A. Absentee B. Teetotaler C. Truant D. Impostor
Answer: Option C
Solution: The one word substitution is Truant
A truant is a person who remains absent from duty, especially from school, without permission. The term is commonly used to describe a student who stays away from school without authorization. However, the term can also apply to someone who shirks or neglects their duties in a broader sense, including work or other responsibilities. For instance, a persistent truant is a child who is frequently absent from school without permission.
Let’s examine the other options:
(A) Absentee: An absentee is a person who is not present at a place where they are expected or required to be. While a truant is a type of absentee, “absentee” is a broader term that includes individuals who are absent for valid reasons (e.g., illness, travel) in addition to those who are absent without permission.
(B) Teetotaler: A teetotaler is a person who never drinks alcohol. This term refers to a lifestyle choice related to abstaining from alcohol and is unrelated to being absent from duty without permission.
(D) Impostor: An impostor is a person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others and gain an advantage. An impostor might assume a false identity or pose as someone else, but their actions are driven by deception, not simply being absent from duty without permission.
Therefore, truant is the most accurate term for one who remains absent from duty without permission, especially in the context of unauthorized absence or neglecting responsibilities.
Animals that live both on land and water A. Amphibian B. Aquatic C. Apiary D. Abattoir
Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Amphibian
The term amphibian describes animals that are capable of living both on land and in water, typically spending part of their life cycle in each environment. Amphibians are a class of vertebrates that include frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. They are characterized by their ability to breathe through their skin and/or lungs, and often undergo a metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage (e.g., tadpole) to a terrestrial adult stage. For example, frogs lay their eggs in water, and their young develop as tadpoles before transforming into land-dwelling adults.
Let’s examine the other options:
(B) Aquatic: Aquatic describes animals or plants that live in water. While amphibians live in water for part of their lives, “aquatic” specifically refers to living only in water.
(C) Apiary: An apiary is a place where bees are kept; a collection of beehives. This term is unrelated to animals living on land and water.
(D) Abattoir: An abattoir is a slaughterhouse, a place where animals are slaughtered for food. This term is also unrelated to animals living on land and water.
Therefore, amphibian is the most accurate term for animals that live both on land and in water.
Examination of living tissues A. Biopsy B. Postmortem C. Mortuary D. Autopsy
Answer: Option D
Solution: The one word substitution is Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical procedure that involves the removal of cells or tissue from a living body for examination by a pathologist, typically under a microscope, to diagnose or evaluate a disease. It’s a common diagnostic tool used to determine the presence, cause, or extent of various conditions, most notably cancer, but also inflammatory disorders, infections, and other health issues. The term originates from Greek words meaning “life” and “sight”, reflecting its purpose of examining living tissues.
Let’s look at the other options:
(B) Postmortem: A postmortem examination, also known as an autopsy, is the examination of a body after death to determine the cause of death or to gather information about an illness. It is performed on deceased individuals, not living tissues.
(C) Mortuary: A mortuary is a place, often a room in a hospital, where dead bodies are kept before burial, cremation, identification, or examination. It is a storage facility for corpses, not an examination itself.
(D) Autopsy: An autopsy is a surgical procedure that involves a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death. Like a postmortem, it is performed after death, and its primary purpose is different from examining living tissues for diagnosis.
Therefore, biopsy is the most accurate term for the examination of living tissues.
A period of 1000 years A. Millennium B. Centenary C. Century D. Sexagenarian
Answer: Option A
Solution: The one word substitution is Millennium
A millennium is a period of one thousand years. The word is derived from the Latin “mille”, meaning “thousand”, and “annus”, meaning “year”. It is often used to measure long spans of time in history, and it can also refer to a time of peace and happiness. For example, a millennium of human civilization or the arrival of a new millennium. [6]
Let’s look at the other options:
(B) Centenary: This term refers to a period of 100 years, or the 100th anniversary of an event. [3]
(C) Century: A century is also a period of 100 years. [4]
(D) Sexagenarian: This term refers to a person between 60 and 69 years old. [5]
Therefore, the most accurate term for “A period of 1000 years” is millennium.
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