Solution: (d)
Slash-and-burn is an agricultural technique which involves cutting and burning of forests or woodlands to create fields. It is subsistence agriculture that typically uses little technology or other tools. It is typically part of shifting cultivation agriculture, and of transhumance livestock herding. In slash-and-burn agriculture, forest will typically be cut months before a dry season. The “slash” is permitted to dry, and then burned in the following dry season. The resulting ash fertilizes the soil, and the burned field is then planted at the beginning of the next rainy season with crop such as upland rice, maize, cassava, or other staple crop. Most of this work is typically done by hand, using machetes, axes, hoes, and other such basic tools.

Solution: (d)
Well distributed rainfall ranging around 2000 mm to 5000 mm is considered suitable for successful tea plantation. The monthly average maximum temperature ranging between 28°C and 32°C during April to September, with occasional rise upto 36° – 37° C is good for the plantation. Tea is planted in flat and slightly undulating land at elevation ranging from 20 to 250 m above sea level in major part of the plains of NE India. On hill slopes of Darjeeling and South India, it is planted upto a height of 2000 m above sea level. The state of Assam is the world’s largest tea growing region. It experiences high precipitation; during the monsoon period, as much as 10 to 12 inches (250–300 mm) of rain per day.

Solution: (b)
The growth, development and adoption of new varieties of oilseeds and complementary technologies nearly doubled oilseeds production from 12.6 mt in 1987-88 to 24.4 mt in 1996-97, catalyzed by the Technology Mission on Oilseeds, brought about the Yellow Revolution. The oilseeds production scenario in India has witnessed a dramatic turn. The country achieved a status of ‘self sufficient and net exporter’ during early nineties, rising from the ‘net importer’ state, with a mere annual production of nearly 11 million tonnes from the annual oilseed crops, uptil the year 1986,87. In a span of just a decade, an all time record oilseeds production of 25 million tonnes from annual oilseed crops was attained during 1996,97. This transformation has been termed as “The Yellow Revolution”.

Solution: (c)
The novel technological development of the Green Revolution was the production of novel wheat cultivars. Agronomists bred cultivars of maize, wheat, and rice that are generally referred to as HYVs or “highyielding varieties”. In Indian context, wheat benefitted the most in such states as Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. There are also claims that the Green Revolution has decreased food security for a large number of people. One claim involves the shift of subsistence-oriented cropland to cropland oriented towards production of grain for export or animal feed. For example, the Green Revolution replaced much of the land used for pulses that fed Indian peasants for wheat, which did not make up a large portion of the peasant diet.

Solution: (a)
Blue Revolution is the water equivalent of the green revolution and primarily refers to the management of water resources that can steer humanity to achieve drinking water and crop irrigation security. In other contexts, it refers to aquaculture or fish farming. The term “blue revolution” refers to the remarkable emergence of aquaculture as an important and highly productive agricultural activity. Aquaculture refers to all forms of active culturing of aquatic animals and plants, occurring in marine, brackish, or fresh waters.