MCQ on Fundament Rights – Answer is (4)

Although the proceedings in the Supreme Court arise out of the judgments or orders made by the Subordinate Courts including the High Courts, but of late the Supreme Court has started entertaining matters in which interest of the public at large is involved and the Court can be moved by any individual or group of persons either by filing a Writ Petition at the Filing Counter of the Court or by addressing a letter to the Chief Justice of India highlighting the question of public importance for invoking this jurisdiction. Such concept is popularly known as ‘Public Interest Litigation’ and several matters of public importance have become landmark cases. This concept is unique to the Supreme Court of India only and perhaps no other Court in the world has been exercising this extraordinary jurisdiction.

MCQ on Fundament Rights – Answer is (1)

A republic is a form of government in which the country is considered a “public matter” (Latin: res publica), not the private concern or property of the rulers, and where offices of states are subsequently directly or indirectly elected or appointed rather than inherited. In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of state is not a monarch. In modern republics such as the United States and India, the executive is legitimized both by a constitution and by popular suffrage. Montesquieu included both democracies, where all the people have a share in rule, and aristocracies or oligarchies, where only some of the people rule, as republican forms of government.

Fundament Rights MCQ Answer is (2)

The Constitution was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November, 1949, and came into effect on 26 January, 1950. As originally enacted the preamble described the state as a “sovereign democratic republic”. In 1976 the Forty-second Amendment changed this to read “sovereign socialist secular democratic republic”.

MCQ on Fundament Rights – Answer. (3)

A writ of mandamus or mandamus (which means “we command” in Latin) is the name of one of the prerogative writs in the common law, and is “issued by a superior court to compel a lower court or a government officer to perform mandatory or purely ministerial duties correctly. Mandamus is a judicial remedy which is in the form of an order from a superior court to any government subordinate court, corporation or public authority to do or forbear from doing some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do or refrain from doing, as the case may be, and which is in the nature of public duty and in certain cases of a statutory duty. It cannot be issued to compel an authority to do something against statutory provision.

MCQ on Directive Principles Answer is (3)

Independence of judiciary means a fair and neutral judicial system of a country. Article 50 in the Constitution Of India, belonging to the Directive Principles of State Policy, deals with separation of judiciary from executive. It says that the State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.

Answer is (3) for MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Indian citizenship and nationality law and the Constitution of India provide single citizenship for all of India. The provisions relating to citizenship upon adoption of the constitution are contained in Articles 5 to 11 in Part II of the Constitution of India. There is a form of Indian nationality, the holders of which are known as Overseas Citizens of India. The Constitution of India forbids dual citizenship or dual nationality, except for minors where the second nationality was involuntarily acquired. The Central Indian Government, on application, may register any person as an Overseas Citizen of India if that Person is of Indian Origin and is from a country which allows dual citizenship in some form or the other.

Answer is (4) for this Fundament Rights MCQ

The principle of ‘equal pay for equal work’ has an important place in India. It is read with Article 39(d) and Article 14 of the Constitution of India. During the 1970s and the 1980s, the Supreme Court applied this principle liberally, without demanding clear proof in the pleadings. It is not a fundamental right.

Answer. (3)

A Money Bill can be introduced in Lok Sabha only. If any question arises whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not, the decision of Speaker thereon is final. The Speaker is under no obligation to consult any one in coming to a decision or in giving his certificate that a Bill is a Money Bill. The certificate of the Speaker to the effect that a Bill is a Money Bill, is to be endorsed and signed by him when it is transmitted to Rajya Sabha and also when it is presented to the President for his assent.

 Answer for MCQ on Fundament Rights is (3)

Under the Indian legal system, jurisdiction to issue ‘prerogative writs’ is given to the Supreme Court, and to the High Courts of Judicature of all Indian states. Parts of the law relating to writs are set forth in the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court, the highest in the country, may issue writs under Article 32 of the Constitution for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and under Articles 139 for enforcement of rights other than Fundamental Rights, while High Courts, the superior courts of the States, may issue writs under Articles 226. The Constitution broadly provides for five kinds of “prerogative” writs: habeas corpus, certiorari, mandamus, quo warranto and prohibition.

Answer. (1)

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE), which was passed by the Indian parliament on 4 August 2009, describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April, 2010.

MCQ on Preamble Answer is (2)

The Constitution declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, assuring its citizens of justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity among them. The words “socialist” and “secular” were added to the definition in 1976 by the 42nd constitutional amendment. The word ‘secular’ though was specifically added in the Preamble in the year 1976, yet the original spirit of the Constitution was completely secular in nature. Its insertion into the Preamble has ensured that secularism has now become a source from which the constitutional provisions on secularism draw their authority and it has now become the central object which the Constitution seeks to establish. It is also one of the basic structures of our Constitution and no compromise can be made on this by any government.

Answer is (4) for this Fundament Rights MCQ

The right to property, also known as the right to protection of property, is a human right and is understood to establish an entitlement to private property. Right to property was originally a fundamental right, but is now a legal right.

Answer. (2)

Equality of opportunity is a political ideal that is opposed to caste hierarchy but not to hierarchy per se. The background assumption is that a society contains a hierarchy of more and less desirable, superior and inferior positions.

Answer. (3) for Preamble MCQ

The Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India, enacted in 1976, attempted to reduce the power of the Indian Supreme Court and High Courts to pronounce upon the constitutional validity of laws. It also declared India to be a socialist and secular republic, and as securing fraternity assuring the unity “and integrity” of the Nation, by adding these words to the Preamble of the Constitution of India.

Answer. (1)

Article 3 of the Indian Constitution deals with formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or name of any of the existing States. The States of the Indian Union can be re-organised or their boundaries altered by 1an executive order of the Union government with the consent of the concerned State government by a simple majority in the ordinary process of legislation.

Answer. (4)

India is a democratic country. People of India elect their representative through direct franchise and representatives elect the government to make or amend rules & regulations and to carry out day to day functioning of governance. One basic principle of democracy is that people are the source of all political power. In a democracy, people rule themselves through institutions of self-governance.

Answer. (2)

Civil and political rights are a class of rights based upon birthright into a polity or designation otherwise of human rights. They ensure a citizen’s ability to fully participate in the civil and political life of the state without discrimination or repression, and protect the freedom of classes of persons and individuals from unwarranted infringement into those rights by governments, private organizations, and other entities. Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote.

Answer. (3) for this Objective Question on Fundamental Rights

Right to constitutional remedies empowers the citizens to move a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights. For instance, in case of imprisonment, the citizen can ask the court to see if it is according to the provisions of the law of the country. If the court finds that it is not, the person will have to be freed. This procedure of asking the courts to preserve or safeguard the citizens’ fundamental rights can be done in various ways. The courts can issue various kinds of writs. These writs are habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari.

Answer. (3)

Habeas corpus means “you must present the person in court”. It is a writ (legal action) which requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensures that a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention, in other words, detention lacking sufficient cause or evidence. The remedy can be sought by the prisoner or by another person coming to the prisoner’s aid. The legal right to apply for a habeas corpus is also called by the same name.

Answer. (2)

Money Bills are those that are classified under Article 110 (1) of the Constitution of India. The President may either give or withhold his assent to a Money Bill. Under the Constitution, a Money Bill cannot be returned to the House by the President for reconsideration.

Answer is Option (2) for this Directive Principle MCQ

The Directive Principles are an amalgam of diverse subjects embracing the life of the nation and include principles which are general statements of social policy, principles of administrative policy, socio-economic rights and a statement of the international policy of the country. Articles 41-43A and Article 48 specifically target the working sections of the nation and provide for the betterment of the workers and their living conditions.

Answer is Option (3) for this Preamble MCQ

The preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out the guiding purpose and principles of the document. The Preamble mentions Justice, social, economic and political; LIBERTY, of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation.

Answer. (1)

The term “mandamus” literally means “command.” Writ of mandamus is issued to a person or lower level Court or a body by a superior Court. The writ of mandamus is either issued to oblige a person or the Court or a body for the execution of public duty or imposed on them to restrain them from executing a particular act. The writ of mandamus is an effective writ that checks the functioning of the government. The writ of mandamus is also popularly known as the writ of justice as it plays a significant role in rectifying the improper and irresponsible actions of government officials and it serves the purpose of almost all other writs.

Answer. (3)

The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, upon the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that was constituted by the government earlier that year. Originally ten in number, the Fundamental Duties were increased to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which added a duty on every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years.

Answer. (2)

It is a constitutional right. Article 326(in Part XV) of the Constitution gives this right. It is not a Fundamental right.

Answer is Option (1) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

The development of constitutionally guaranteed fundamental human rights in India was inspired by historical examples such as England’s Bill of Rights (1689), the United States Bill of Rights (approved on 17 September, 1787, final ratification on 15 December, 1791) and France’s Declaration of the Rights of Man (created during the revolution of 1789, and ratified on 26 August, 1789).

Answer. (3)

Indian Constitution has adopted 5 Prerogative writs. Article 13 clearly states that Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights are void. The Supreme Court (Under Article 32) and the High Courts (Under Article 226) are empowered to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights against any authority of the State.

Answer. (2)

Habeas corpus is a bulwark of personal freedom. It is a legal action, or writ, through which a person can seek relief from the unlawful detention of him or herself, or of another person. It protects the individual from harming him or herself, or from being harmed by the judicial system. The writ of habeas corpus has historically been an important instrument for the safeguarding of individual freedom against arbitrary state action.

Answer. (3)

Equality before the law, also known as legal equality, is the principle under which all people are subject to the same laws of justice (due process). Article 14 of Indian Constitution declares that “the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws within the territory of India”. Equality before the law is an expression of English Common Law while “equal protection of laws” owes its origin to the American Constitution. Both the phrases aim to establish what is called the “equality to status and of opportunity” as embodied in the Preamble of the Constitution. The rule of law is a legal maxim whereby governmental decisions are made by applying known legal principles. Rule of law implies that every citizen is subject to the law. Rule of Law means (a) equality before the law, (b) every citizen is subject to the ordinary law of the land and (c) the citizen has to face trial in the same law courts, irrespective of his status or position in the society.

(1) i and ii

(2) i, ii and iii

(3) ii and iii

(4) iv, ii and iii

Show Answer

Answer is Option (2) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

Any person born in India, on or after 26 January, 1950 but prior to the commencement of the 1986 Act on 1 July, 1987, is a citizen of India by birth. The Central Government may, on an application, register as a citizen of India under section 5 of the Citizenship Act 1955 any person (not being an illegal migrant) if he belongs to certain categories. Persons born outside India on or after 26 January, 1950 but before 10 December, 1992 are citizens of India by descent if their father was a citizen of India at the time of their birth.

Answer is Option (2) for this Fundament Rights MCQ

In 1967, in Golak Nath vs. The State of Punjab, a bench of eleven judges (such a large bench constituted for the first time) of the Supreme Court deliberated as to whether any part of the Fundamental Rights provisions of the constitution could be revoked or limited by amendment of the constitution. This question had previously been considered in Shankari Prasad vs. Union of India and Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan. In both cases, the power to amend the rights had been upheld on the basis of Article 368. Six years later in 1973, thirteen judges of the Supreme Court, including then Chief Justice Sikri, heard arguments in Kesavananda Bharati vs. The State of Kerala and thus considered the validity of the 24th, 25th and 29th amendments, and more basically the correctness of the decision in the Golak Nath case. This time, the court held, by the thinnest of margins of 7-6, that although no part of the constitution, including fundamental rights, was beyond the amending power of Parliament (thus overruling the 1967 case), the “basic structure of the Constitution could not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment”.

Answer is Option (4) for this MCQ on Preamble

The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines to the central and state governments of India, to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies. These provisions, contained in Part IV of the Constitution of India, are not enforceable by any court, but the principles laid down therein are considered fundamental in the governance of the country, making it the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws to establish a just society in the country.

Answer is Option (2) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. Article 19 guaranteed to all citizens the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property. Article 31 provided that “no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.” It also provided that compensation would be paid to a person whose property has been taken for public purposes. The Forty-Forth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights.

Answer is Option (1) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. Fundamental Duties obligate all citizens to respect the national symbols of India, including the Constitution, to cherish its heritage, preserve its composite culture and assist in its defense.

Answer is Option (3) for this MCQ on Directive Principles

The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines to the central and state governments of India, to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies. These provisions, contained in Part IV of the Constitution of India.

Answer is Option (4) for the MCQ on Preamble

The preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out the guiding purpose and principles of the document. As originally enacted the preamble described the state as a “sovereign democratic republic”. In 1976 the Forty second Amendment changed this to read “sovereign socialist secular democratic republic”.

Answer is Option (1) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal as established by Part V, Chapter IV of the Constitution of India. According to the Constitution of India, the role of the Supreme Court is that of a federal court and guardian of the Constitution.

Answer is Option (3) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

‘Part III – Fundamental Rights’ is a charter of rights contained in the Constitution of India. It guarantees civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India. These include individual rights common to most liberal democracies, such as equality before law, freedom of speech and expression, and peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as habeas corpus.

Answer is Option (4) for the MCQ on Directive Principles

The principles have been inspired by the Directive Principles given in the Constitution of Ireland and also by the principles of Gandhism; and relate to social justice, economic welfare, foreign policy, and legal and administrative matters. The makers of the Constitution of India were influenced by the Irish nationalist movement. Hence, the Directive Principles of the Indian constitution have been greatly influenced by the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Answer is Option (4) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

Fundamental Rights are those rights and freedoms of the people of India, which enjoy constitutional recognition and guarantee. The Supreme Court of India and State High Courts have the power to enforce Fundamental Rights. Supreme Court is the guardian protector of fundamental rights. The right to move to the courts for securing the fundamental rights is a very valuable right of the people. Citizens can go to the Supreme Court or the high Courts for getting their fundamental rights enforced. It empowers the Courts to issue directions or orders or writs for this purpose.

Answer is Option (3) for the MCQ Directive Principles

The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from the Irish Constitution. Article 45 of the Irish Constitution outlines a number of broad principles of social and economic policy. Its provisions are, however, intended solely “for the general guidance of the Oireachtas”, and “shall not be cognizable by any Court under any of the provisions of this Constitution.”

Answer is Option (3) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

Some fundamental rights apply for persons of any nationality whereas others are available only to the citizens of India. The right to life and personal liberty is available to all people and so is the right to freedom of religion. On the other hand, freedoms of speech and expression and freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country are reserved to citizens alone, including non-resident Indian citizens. Article 15 prohibits discrimination on the grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of them. Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and prevents the State from discriminating against anyone in matters of employment on the grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, place of residence or any of them.

Answer is (2) for this Fundament Rights MCQ

The Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India, enacted in 1976, laid down the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens to the nation. The amendment inserted Article 51A to create a new part called IV-A in the Constitution, which prescribed the fundamental duties to the citizens.

Answer to this MCQ on Preamble is (4)

The preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out the guiding purpose and principles of the document.. It says: “WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY, of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, “DO HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.”

Answer is Option (3) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, upon the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that was constituted by the government earlier that year.

Answer. (2)

Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the freedom of communication and expression through mediums including various electronic media and published materials. The concept of freedom of speech is often covered by the same laws as freedom of the press, thereby giving equal treatment to spoken and published expression.

Answer is Option (2)

The Fundamental Rights can be suspended during the Emergency under Article 359 of the Constitution by the President of India. During national emergency, these rights can be suspended but not those conferred in articles 20 and 21.

Answer is Option (1) for the MCQ on Directive Principles

The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines to the central and state governments of India to establish a just society in the country. The principles relate to social justice, economic welfare, foreign policy, and legal and administrative matters.

Answer is Option (2) for this Fundament Rights MCQ

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the chairman of the Drafting committee, called the fundamental right to constitutional remedies as the heart and soul of the Indian constitution. Right to constitutional remedies empowers the citizens to move a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights.

Answer is Option (4) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

Right to equality is one of the six fundamental rights recognized by the constitution of India. It includes equality before law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth, and equality of opportunity in matters of employment, abolition of untouchability and abolition of titles.

Answer. (1)

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE), which was passed by the Indian parliament on 4 August, 2009, describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April, 2010.

Answer. (1)

The Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 added ten Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens to the nation in Part IV of the Constitution. These duties, set out in Part IV–A of the Constitution (under a constitutional amendment) concern individuals and the nation. Like the Directive Principles, they are not legally enforceable.

Answer is Option (1) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

The fundamental rights were included in the First Draft Constitution (February 1948), the Second Draft Constitution (17 October, 1948) and final Third Draft Constitution (26 November, 1949) prepared by the Drafting Committee. The fundamental rights were included in the constitution right from its beginning because they were considered essential for the development of the personality of every individual and to preserve human dignity.

Answer. (3)

Mandamus is a judicial remedy which is in the form of an order from a superior court to any government subordinate court, corporation or public authority to do or forbear from doing some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do or refrain from doing, as the case may be, and which is in the nature of public duty and in certain cases of a statutory duty.

Answer. (2)

The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. The Forty Forth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights. So it is now a legal right, not a fundamental right.

Answer. (3)

Quo warranto (Medieval Latin for “by what warrant?”) is a prerogative writ requiring the person to whom it is directed to show what authority they have for exercising some right or power (or “franchise”) they claim to hold. It is a legal proceeding during which an individual’s right to hold an office or governmental privilege is challenged.

Answer. (3)

The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. The Forty Forth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights. So, it is now a legal right, not a fundamental right.

Answer is Option (3) for this MCQ on Preamble

The preamble contains the socio-economic goals of Indian polity. These are: to secure all its citizens social , economic and political justice; liberty of thought; equality of status and opportunity, and to promote among them fraternity so as to secure the dignity of the Individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation.

Answer. (3)

Civic duty is the responsibilities of a citizen. Such duties expect one to be a good citizen, obey the laws, serve in the military in time of need, pay taxes, be active in community activities that are supportive of something positive. These are the types of things that enable masses of people to live in close proximity and prosper.

Answer. (2)

The concept of dual nationality means that a person is a citizen of two countries at the same time. Each country has its own citizenship laws based on its own. Such type of nationality is very common in federal states such as the USA.

Answer is Option (1) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

In the famous case of Golaknath V. State Of Punjab, in 1967 the Court ruled that Parliament could not curtail any of the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution. the issues involved in this case were: whether Amendment is a “law” under the meaning of Article 13(2) and whether Fundamental Rights can be amended or not.

Answer is Option (3) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. The Forty Forth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights.

Answer. (3)

The Constitution guarantees that one has a right to liberty and freedom, except in accordance with the law. This means that, in general, one is entitled to own personal freedom but legislation may provide for arrest and detention in certain circumstances. Right to personal liberty is considered one of the foundations of democracy.

Answer is Option (4) for the MCQ Preamble

According to the Preamble, the ultimate power lies in the hands of people of India.

Answer. (2)

The Fundamental Rights are not absolute and are subject to reasonable restrictions as necessary for the protection of public interest. They can be enhanced, removed or otherwise altered through a constitutional amendment, passed by a two-thirds majority of each House of Parliament.

Answer. (2)

Liberty is the value of individuals to have agency (control over their own actions). The conceptions of liberty typically consist of the freedom of individuals from outside compulsion or coercion. So the active exercise of freedom and rights as essential to liberty.

Answer. (3)

Rights imply certain duties. For example, if one has the right to follow one’s own religion, it is one’s duty to allow others to follow their own. Rights and duties are equally important and that is why our Constitution has laid down certain duties for the citizens along with rights.

Answer. (1)

Liberty is the quality individuals have to control their own actions. Sociologists define the active exercise of freedom and rights as essential to liberty. There must be an independent and impartial judiciary for the protection and preservation and individual liberty. The judiciary must be independent of executive and legislative control.

Answer. (2)

Political liberty is the state or condition of those who are invested with the right effectually to share in framing and conducting the government under which they are politically organized. In other words, it means freedom in the exercise of political activities.

Answer is Option (2) for the MCQ on Fundament Rights

The Forty Second Constitution Amendment Act, 1976 has incorporated ten Fundamental Duties in Article 51(A) of the constitution of India. This was done in accordance with the recommendation of the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee. India adopted Fundamental Duties from the Constitution of erstwhile USSR.

Answer. (3)

Article 6 of Indian Constitution deals with the rights of citizenship of persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan. It states that a person who migrated from Pakistan to India before 19 July 1948 shall be considered a citizen of India, provided either of the person’s parents or any of his grandparents were born in India and has been residing since the date of migration.

Answer s Option (2) for this MCQ on Fundament Rights

Article 32 of the Indian constitution provides for constitutional remedies against the violation or transgression of fundamental rights. Under it, a person has right to move to Supreme Court (and high courts also) for getting his fundamental rights protected. That is why Dr. Ambedkar called the Right to Constitutional Remedies, ‘the heart and soul’ of our Constitution.

Answer. (1)

The Preventive Detention Act was enacted in 1950 to provide for preventive detention in certain cases and matter connected therewith. It empowered the government to imprison a person in jail or put him to custody either for committing a crime or in the apprehension of committing a crime in future. It curtailed Right to freedom contained in Articles 19, 20, 21, 21A and 22. Clauses (4) to (7) of Article 22 contain safeguards relating to preventive detention matter.

Answer is Option (2) for the MCQ on Directive Principles

The directive principles of state policy, contained in Articles 36-51 under Part IV of Indian constitution, lays down the contours of welfare state. For example, Article 38 (1) provides that the state shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting a social order based on social, economic and political justice.

Answer. (4)

Fraternity as enshrined in the Preamble to the Indian Constitution means a sense of brotherhood prevailing amongst all the sections of the people. This is sought to be achieved by making the State secular, guaranteeing fundamental and other rights equally to people of all sections, and protecting their interests.