Answer the following Multiple Choice Questions on Indian Geography
Which of the following mountain ranges in India are the oldest?
(a) Himalayas
(b) Vindhyas
(c) Aravalli
(d) Sahyadri
Solution: (c)
The Aravali Range (Aravali) literally meaning ‘line of peaks’, is a range of mountains in western India and eastern Pakistan running approximately 800 km from northwest to southwest across Indian states of Rajasthan, Haryana, and Gujarat and Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Sindh. The Aravali range are the oldest fold mountains in India. The Aravali Range is the eroded stub of a range of ancient folded mountains. The range rose in a Precambrian event called the Aravali-Delhi orogeny. The range joins two of the ancient segments that make up the Indian craton, the Marwar segment to the northwest of the range, and the Bundelkhand segment to the southeast.
Where are the Saltora Ranges located?
(a) Ladakh
(b) Along the Vindhyas
(c) Part of the Karakoram Ranges
(d) Part of the Western Ghats
Solution: (c)
Siachen is a glacier 76-km in length with a width of 2 km to 8 km, between two ranges – Karakoram in the east and Saltora in the west. Starting from point NJ9842 in the South, the glacier runs in a north western direction flanking several towns in POK close to the Saltora range, and in a north eastern direction it extends up to the Karakoram pass, thus forming more or less a triangular shape.
Which of the following processes is responsible for producing the sand dunes in western Rajasthan?
(a) Wind erosion
(b) Erosion by water
(c) Wind deposition
(d) Mechanical weathering
Solution: (c)
In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built either by wind or water flow. Dunes occur in different forms and sizes, formed by interaction with the flow of air or water. Most kinds of dunes are longer on the windward side where the sand is pushed up the dune and have a shorter “slip face” in the lee of the wind. The origin of sand dunes is very complex, but there are three essential prerequisites: (1) An abundant supply of loose sand in a region generally devoid of vegetation (such as an ancient lake bed or river delta); (2) a wind energy source sufficient to move the sand grains; and (3) a topography whereby the sand particles lose their momentum and settle out.
The standard time of a country differs from the GMT in multiples of—
(a) Two hours
(b) One hour
(c) Half hour
(d) Four minutes
Solution: (c)
zero (0) degree Longitude is the mean longitude and the time adjusted according to this longitudinal time. The earth rotates from West to East. So every 15 degrees we go east wards, local time is advanced by 1 hour. If we go west wards, local time is retarded by 1 hour. Each country has set their local time multiple of half an hour (1/2 hour). India’s local standard time is +5 h 30 min. Means 5.5 h ahead of G.M.T.
The Indian Sub-continent was originally a part of
(a) Jurassic-land
(b) Angara-land
(c) Arya-varta
(d) Gondwana-land
Solution: (d )
The Indian subcontinent is a southerly region of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southward into the Indian Ocean. In paleogeography, Gondwana, originally Gondwanaland was the southernmost of two supercontinents that were part of the Pangaea supercontinent. It existed from approximately 510 to 180 million years ago. Gondwana included most of the landmasses in today’s Southern Hemisphere, including Antarctica, South America, Africa, Madagascar and the Australian continent, as well as the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent, which have now moved entirely into the Northern Hemisphere.
