Where was the first Bio-reserve established in India?
(a) Nokrek
(b) Kanha
(c) Nilgiris
(d) Periyar
Solution: (c)
Established in the year 1986, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve is the first biosphere reserve in India. It is an International Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats.
Which wildlife sanctuary has the project to conserve the rhinos in India?
(a) Bandipur
(b) Periyar
(c) Kaziranga
(d) Gir
Solution: (c)
Kaziranga National Park is a national park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India. A World Heritage Site, the park hosts two-thirds of the world’s Great One-horned Rhinoceroses.
The first biosphere reserve that was set up in India in 1986 is
(a) Nanda Devi
(b) Nilgiris
(c) Nokrek
(d) Manas
Solution: (b)
Established in the year 1986, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve is the first biosphere reserve in India. It is an International Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats. Other early biosphere reserves of India: Nokrek and Nandadevi in 1988; and Great Nicobar, Manas, Sunderbans and Gulf of Mannar in 1989.
In India, where is the bio–reserve to preserve the diverse submarine flora and fauna situated?
(a) Lakshadweep
(b) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(c) Daman and Diu
(d) Dadra, Nagar Haveli
Solution: (b)
The Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve encompasses a large part of the island of Great Nicobar, the largest of the Nicobar Islands in the Indian Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It incorporates two National parks of India, which were gazetted in 1992: the larger Campbell Bay National Park on the northern part of the island, and Galathea National Park in the southern interior. The reserve is home to many species of plants and animals, often endemic to the Andaman and Nicobars bio-geographic region.
Lion is conserved at
(a) Kaziranga Sanctuary
(b) Gir Sanctuary
(c) Corbett National Park
(d) Manas Sanctuary
Solution: (b)
The Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary is a forest and wildlife sanctuary in Gujarat, is the sole home of the pure Asiatic Lions and is considered to be one of the most important protected areas in Asia due to its supported species. Established in 1965, the park is located to the south-east of Junagadh and to south west of Amreli.
What is approximately the percentage of forest cover in India?
(a) 10%
(b) 8.5%
(c) 25%
(d) 19.5%
Solution: (c)
The Forest area (% of land area) in India was last reported at 23.02 per cent in 2010, according to a World Bank report published in 2012. Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.
Which one of the following is the first National Park of India?
(a) Corbett National Park
(b) Bandipur National Park
(c) Kanha National Park
(d) Sariska
Solution: (a)
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India. The park—named for the hunter and conservationist Jim Corbett who played a key role in its establishment—was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park.
Which of the following is called the “ecological hot spot of India”?
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Eastern Ghats
(c) Western Himalayas
(d) Eastern Himalayas
Solution: (a)
A biodiversity hotspot is a region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. More like rolling hills than snow-covered mountains, the Western Ghats – stretching some 1,600 km from the north of Mumbai to the southern tip of India – are a biodiversity hotspot that contains a large proportion of the country’s plant and animal species; many of which are only found here and nowhere else in the world. In the northern part of the range, about one-third of the plants, almost half the reptiles, and more than three-fourths of the amphibians known in India are found in this narrow strip of rainforest just off the west coast. The forests in the southwestern Ghats are even richer, hosting the country’s largest population of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) as well as Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris), lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus), sloth bears (Ursus ursinus), nilgiri tahrs (Hemitragus hylocrius) and much more.
Namdhapa National Park is in
(a) Mizoram
(b) Manipur
(c) Tripura
(d) Arunachal Pradesh
Solution: (d)
Namdhapa National Park is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot and is located in Arunachal Pradesh in Northeast India. It is also the largest national park in India in terms of area. It is located in the Eastern Himalayan sub-region and is recognized as one of the richest areas in biodiversity in India. The park harbours the northernmost lowland evergreen rainforests in the world at 27°N latitude.
The Gir Forest is noted for its
(a) Lion sanctuary
(b) Deer Park
(c) Tiger sanctuary
(d) Crocodile Park
Solution: (a)
The Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary the sole home of the pure Asiatic Lions (Panthera leo persica) and is considered to be one of the most important protected areas in Asia due to its supported species. The April 2010 census recorded the lion-count in Gir at 411, an increase of 52 compared to 2005. The lion breeding programme covering the park and surrounding area has bred about 180 lions in captivity since its inception.
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