Solution: (b)
Watermelon is a tender, warm-season vegetable. Watermelons can be grown in all parts of the country, but the warmer temperatures and longer growing season of southern areas especially favor it. Watermelons grow best on a sandy loam soil, although yields on clay soils can be increased significantly by mulching raised planting rows with black plastic film.
The most extensive soil cover of India comprises.
(a) laterite soils
(b) black soils
(c) alluvial soils
(d) marshy soils
Solution: (c)
Alluvial soil constitutes the largest soil group in India, constituting 80% of the total land surface. It is derived from the deposition of silt carried by rivers and are found in the Great Northern plains from Punjab to the Assam valley. Alluvial soils are generally fertile but they lack nitrogen and tend to be phosphoric.
To which group does the black cotton soil of India belong?
(a) Laterite
(b) Podzol
(c) Chernozem
(d) Alluvial
Solution: (c)
Chernozem (meaning: black soil), or “black earth”, is a black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus (7% to 15%), and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia. It is very fertile and produces a high agricultural yield.
In which one of the following States is laterite soil found?
(a) Kerala
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Maharashtra
Solution: (d)
Laterite soils in India are found in the Eastern Ghat of Orissa, the Southern parts of Western Ghat, Malabar Coastal plains and Ratnagiri of Maharashtra and some part of Andhra Pradesh, etc. it is rich in aluminium and iron and looks red due to the presence of iron oxides.
Red soil is normally found in India in which regions?
(a) Eastern Region only
(b) Southern Region only
(c) Eastern & Southern part of the Deccan Plateau
(d) None of these
Solution: (c)
In India, red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau. These soils are abundant along the eastern slopes of Western Ghats, Odisha and Chhattisgarh and in the southern parts of the middle Ganga plain. The soil develops a reddish color due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
The soil of Kerala is rich in which of the following soils?
(a) Alluvial Soil
(b) Laterite Soil
(c) Sandy Soil
(d) Loamy Soil
Solution: (b)
Laterite soil covers the majority of area in Kerala. They cover about 65 per cent of the total area of the State, occupying a major portion of the midland and mid-upland regions and are the most extensive of the soil groups found in Kerala. Heavy rainfall and high temperature prevalent in the State are conductive to the process of laterisation.
In which of the following states can you find pink (laterite) soil?
(a) West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh
(b) Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal
Solution: (a)
Laterite Soil is found in those regions of India which receive heavy rainfall with alternate dry and wet period. The states where this type of soil can be found are West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Meghalaya, Assam, Odisha to name a few. The soils are pink in colour due to the presence of iron oxides.
Saline and alkaline soils in India are also called as
(a) Kallar
(b) Khadar
(c) Regur
(d) Bangar
Solution: (a)
Regur of Black Cotton Earth soil refers to the dark coloured volcanic soil. Saline and alkaline soils in India are also called as kallar.
Laterite soil is found in which of the following States?
(a) Haryana and Punjab
(b) Gujarat and Rajasthan
(c) Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh
(d) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
Solution: (d)
Laterite soils are found on the highland areas of plateau Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and hilly regions of Assam, Rajmahal hills and Chhotanagpur plateau. These are shallow, acidic and less fertile soils. These soils are poor in lime but rich in iron. So these are suitable for plantation of crops like tea, rubber, coffee etc.
Generally, the soil of the northern plains of India has been formed by
(a) degradation
(b) aggradation
(c) weathering in situ
(d) erosion
Solution: (b)
The Northern Fertile Plain lies to the south of Himalayan Region. It is also called the Gangetic Plain. It is a vast plain and level land between the Himalayas in the North and Deccan Plateau in the South. The soil of this plain is built of the sediments brought down by the rivers from Himalayas. Such plain is called an alluvial plain and is very fertile. This plain is one of the largest and most fertile plains of the World.
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