Statements: A graduate is a man. This thief is a graduate.
Conclusions: I. This thief is a man. II. Some men are thieves.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If either I or II follows. D. If neither I nor II follows. E. If both I and II follow
Correct Answer: E
Checking C1 : This thief is a man.
Using S2 and S1, we get This
thief is a graduate (A) + A graduate is a man (A) ⇒ This thief is a man. Hence, C1 follows.
Checking C2 : Some men are thieves.
Converse of the conclusion derived above ⇒ Some men are thieves. Hence, C2 follows as well.
Hence, option E is correct.
Statements: No man is a monkey. John is a man. Conclusions: I. John is not a monkey. II. John may or may not be a monkey.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If either I or II follows. D. If neither I nor II follows. E. If both I and II follow
Correct Answer: A
Checking C1 : John is not a monkey.
Using S2 and S1, we get
John is a man (A) + No man is a monkey (E) ⇒ John is not a monkey. Clearly, C1 follows.
Checking C2 : John may or may not be a monkey.
In C1, we have already found that John is a monkey is a definite conclusion and therefore John may be
a monkey is not a possible preposition. C2, hence, doesn’t follow.
Option A is hence the correct answer
Statements: All radios are electric goods. All table-lamps are electric goods. Conclusions: I. Some radios are table-lamps. II. Some table-lamps are radios.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If either I or II follows. D. If neither I nor II follows. E. If both I and II follow
Correct Answer: D
Checking C1 : Some radios are table-lamps.
We can observe that the class ‘radios’ and ‘table-lamps’ are present in different statements and the middle term ‘electric goods’ is not being distributed even once in either of the statements.
Therefore, no definite relationship is possible between these two classes. C1, doesn’t follow.
Checking C2 : Some table-lamps are radios.
Following the same logic discussed above, we can state that C2 doesn’t follow either.
Hence, option D is correct
Statements: Some plates are knives. Some knives are bottles. Many bottles are bowls.
Conclusions: I. Some plates are bowls. II. Not a single plate is bowl.
A. If only conclusion I follow B. If only conclusion II follow C. If neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows D. If both the conclusions follow E. If either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
Correct Answer: E
Checking Conclusion I and II together : ‘Some plates are bowls’ and ‘Not a single plate is bowl’
Clearly, all the statements are I type, we can’t define a relationship between classes that exist in two different statements.
Similarly, we can’t define a relationship between the classes ‘plate’ and ‘bowl’ either.
But, C1 is an I type statement and C2 an E type, and they together form an E+I combination. Clearly, either C1 or C2 follows.
Hence, option E is correct
Statements: A few wheels are warm. Only wheels are wools.
Conclusions: I. Some wheels are wools. II. All wools are warm.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If both conclusion I and II follow. D. If neither conclusion I nor II follows. E. Either conclusion I or II follows.
Correct Answer: A
Only wheels are wools (All wools are wheels) → conversion → Some wheels are wools. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All wools are wheels (A) + Some wheels are warm (I) = A + I = No conclusion. Thus, conclusion II does not follow.
Hence, option A is correct.
Statements: All toys are tasks. No task is a tree. Conclusions: I. No tree is a task. II. A few tasks are toys.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If both conclusion I and II follow. D. If neither conclusion I nor II follows. E. Either conclusion I or II follows.
Correct Answer: C
No task is a tree → No tree is a task. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All toys are tasks → conversion → Some tasks are toys or ‘A few tasks are toys’. Hence, conclusion II follows.
Thus both I and II follow.
Hence, option C is correct.
Statements: Only fantastic are fans. All fans are fabulous. Conclusions: I. All fantastic are fabulous. II. Some fabulous are fantastic.
A. If only conclusion I follows. B. If only conclusion II follows. C. If both conclusion I and II follow. D. If neither conclusion I nor II follows. E. Either conclusion I or II follows.
Correct Answer: B
All fans are fabulous → conversion → Some fabulous are fans (I) + Only fantastic are fans (All fans are
fantastic) (A) = I + A = I = Some fabulous are fantastic.
Conclusion II follows, but I does not.
Hence, option B is correct.
Statements: A few figures are images. 0% snaps are images.
Conclusions: I. Some figures are not snaps. II. All images being snaps is a possibility.
A. Only conclusion I follows B. Only conclusion II follows C. Either conclusion I or II follows D. Both conclusions I and II follow E. Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Correct Answer: A
Checking C1: Some figures are not snaps.
Using S1 and S2, we get
A few figures are images (Some figures are images) + 0% snaps are images (No snaps are images) ⇒ Some figures are not snaps.
Hence, C1 follows.
Checking C2: All images being snaps is a possibility.
Using S2: 0% snaps are images or ‘No snaps are images’.
As S2 is an E type statement, there will not be any possibility between the two classes of this statement.
Hence, C2 doesn’t follow.
Option A is hence the correct answer.
Statements: Only Rama is a clerk. 100% honest are clerks.
Conclusions: I. All honest are Rama. II. All clerks being honest is a possibility.
A. Only conclusion II follows B . Either conclusion I or II follows C. Only conclusion I follows D. Both conclusions I and II follow E. Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Correct Answer: D
Checking C1: All honest are Rama.
Using S2 and S1, we get
100% honest are clerks (All honest are clerks) + Only Rama is a clerk (All clerks are Rama) ⇒ All honest are Rama.
Hence, C1 follows.
Checking C2: All clerks being honest is a possibility.
Using converse of S2 (100% honest are clerks) ⇒ Some clerks are honest.
Now, if some clerks are honest, what are the other clerks? They could be either honest or they could not be honest.
Considering the former proposition, we can say that ‘All clerks being honest is a possibility’.
Hence, C2 follows as well.
Option D is hence the correct answer.
Statements: All circles are squares. Some squares are rectangles.
Conclusions: I. All rectangles being squares is a possibility. II. All circles are rectangles.
A. Only conclusion I follow B. Only conclusion II follows C. Both conclusions I and II follow D. Neither conclusion I nor II follows E. Either conclusion I or II follow
Correct Answer: A
As there is no negative statements, the possibility exists in conclusions I and III. Hence, conclusions I
and III follow.
From statement I and II:
Here, we can observe that the class ‘squares’ is not being distributed even once in either of the statements, therefore, conclusion II doesn’t follow.
