Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Sucrose has a relative sweetness of 1.0, while Splenda (Sucralose) of the same quantity is about 600 times sweeter. Fructose is the sweetest of all natural sugar types, with a relative sweetness of 1.73. Xylitol is roughly as sweet as sucrose. Glucose, which is the main component of starch, has a relative sweetness of 0.6-0.7. Of all the sugars, Lactose is the least sweet, with a relative sweetness of 0.16.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Vitamin B₁₂ also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight B vitamins. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid synthesis and energy production. Vitamin B₁₂ consists of a class of chemically related compounds (vitamers), all of which have vitamin activity. It contains the biochemically rare element cobalt.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. The cell membrane consists primarily of a thin layer of amphipathic phospholipids which spontaneously arrange so that the hydrophobic “tail” regions are isolated from the surrounding polar fluid, causing the more hydrophilic “head” regions to associate with the intracellular (cytosolic) and extracellular faces of the resulting bilayer. This forms a continuous, spherical lipid bilayer. Forces such as van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonds, and noncovalent interactions, are all forces that contribute to the formation of the lipid bilayer. Overall, hydrophobic interactions are the major driving force in the formation of lipid bilayers.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

In cell biology, a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. These organelles range from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometer (ìm) in diameter. Mitochondria are sometimes described as “cellular power plants” because they generate most of the cell’s supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks such as signaling, cellular differentiation, cell death, as well as the control of the cell cycle and cell growth.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Vinegar is a liquid substance consisting mainly of acetic acid (CH₃CO₂H) and water, the acetic acid being produced through the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria. It is today mainly used in the kitchen as a general cooking ingredient, but historically, as the most easily available mild acid, it had a great variety of industrial, medical, and domestic uses, some of which (such as a general household cleanser) are still promoted today. Commercial vinegar is produced either by fast or slow fermentation processes. Acetic acid has a distinctive sour taste and pungent smell. Besides its production as household vinegar, it is mainly produced as a precursor to polyvinylacetate and cellulose acetate. Although it is classified as a weak acid, concentrated acetic acid is corrosive, and attacks the skin.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Arboreal means living in trees. In every habitat in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some animals may only scale trees occasionally, while others are exclusively arboreal. These habitats pose numerous mechanical challenges to animals moving through them, leading to a variety of anatomical, behavioral and ecological consequences. Arboreal species have behaviors specialized for moving in their habitats, most prominently in terms of posture and gait. Specifically, arboreal mammals take longer steps, extend their limbs further forwards and backwards during a step, adopt a more ‘crouched’ posture to lower their center of mass, and use a diagonal sequence gait.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Red blood cell agglutination indicates clumping of RBC’s due to cold agglutinins which are most commonly IgM antibodies. These antibodies crosslink red cells, which causes overlapping (arrow) and loss of central pallor. The agglutination leads to reduction in red cell count, elevation in MCH and MCV as measured by automated instruments. Hemagglu-tination is when the particles involved are red blood cells. The agglutin is called hemagglutinin. In cross-matching, agglutination occurring when donor red blood cells and recipient’s serum or plasma are incubated together indicates that the donor blood is incompatible for that particular recipient.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Dermatophytosis or ringworm is a clinical condition caused by fungal infection of the skin in humans, pets such as cats, and domesticated animals such as sheep and cattle. The term “ringworm” is a misnomer, since the condition is caused by fungi of several different species and not by parasitic worms. The fungi that cause parasitic infection (dermatophytes) feed on keratin, the material found in the outer layer of skin, hair, and nails. These fungi thrive on skin that is warm and moist, but may also survive directly on the outsides of hair shafts or in their interiors. In pets, the fungus responsible for the disease survives in skin and on the outer surface of hairs.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Pituitary gland or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. It is not a part of the brain. It is a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae). The pituitary is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by the median eminence via a small tube called the infundibular stem (Pituitary stalk). The pituitary fossa, in which the pituitary gland sits, is situated in the sphenoid bone in the middle cranial fossa at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland secretes nine hormones that regulate homeostasis.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Cloves are the dried flower buds of an evergreen tree native to eastern Indonesia. Cloves are a versatile spice that can be used in drinks and in both sweet and savoury dishes.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Cell division is the process by which cells produce new cells. Cell division differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists, fungi, plants, & animals). Some tissues must be repaired often such as the lining of gut, white blood cells, skin cells with a short lifespan. Other cells do not divide at all after birth such as muscle & nerve.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Cholesterol is defined as a waxy alcohol, fat-like substance that occurs naturally in all areas of the human body. 100-200 mg/dL is considered as normal for the human beings. However it must be noted that total cholesterol counts below 180 mg/dl increase the risk for hemorrhagic stroke; below 180 cholesterol levels are inversely associated with risk. Total cholesterol counts above 200 mg/dl may be normal and healthy for some people, as the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol is considered a more important factor in prediction of disease risk. Women tend to benefit more from an increase in HDL rather than lowering of LDL, whereas men tend to benefit from a decrease in LDL when cholesterol abnormalities or heart disease risk factors exist.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Animals, such as mammals and birds, that maintain a constant body temperature regardless of the temperature of the surroundings are called warm blooded. It describes animal species which have a relatively higher blood temperature, and maintain thermal homeostasis primarily through internal metabolic processes. Examples of warm blooded animals include: mammals, cats, dogs, humans, giraffes, elephants, bears, beavers, chickens, monkeys, whales, deer, cows, wolf, birds, etc. Cold Blooded animals use external means to control their body temperature. These ectothermic methods include basking in the sun, hiding in the shade, changes in metabolic rate. Some animals’ body temperature even change with there environment. Animals that fall into this category are: fish, insects, spiders, frogs, snakes, alligators, toads, turtles, sharks, etc.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Syrinx is the name for the vocal organ of birds. Located at the base of a bird’s trachea, it produces sounds without the vocal cords of mammals. The sound is produced by vibrations of some or all of the membrana tympaniformis (the walls of the syrinx) and the pessulus caused by air flowing through the syrinx. This sets up a self-oscillating system which modulates the airflow creating the sound. The muscles modulate the sound shape by changing the tension of the membranes and the bronchial openings. The syrinx enables some species of birds (such as parrots, crows, and mynas) to mimic human speech.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Plants, on average, capture only about 0.1 percent of the solar energy reaching Earth. However, it does not mean that the other 99.9 percent is a “vast untapped reservoir” awaiting man’s exploitation. All biological systems, including crops, follow the second law of thermodynamics when solar energy (a highenergy form) is converted into chemical energy. Plants utilize this chemical energy in the process of building their own tissue. Some of the energy being changed from light to chemical energy is lost as heat that dissipates into the surrounding environment. In agricultural ecosystems, an estimated 15 million kcal of solar energy (net production) is fixed per ha per crop season. Even so, this amounts to only about 0.1 percent of the total solar energy reaching each ha during the year and equals about 3500 kg/ha of dry biomass. The amount of biomass varies with the crop and ranges from 200 kg/ha for low production crops under arid conditions to 15,000 kg/ha for corn and sugarcane.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

The Ostrich is the largest living species of bird and lays the largest egg of any living bird (extinct elephant birds of Madagascar and the giant moa of New Zealand did lay larger eggs). Ostriches usually weigh from 63 to 145 kilograms, Ostriches of the East African race averaged 115 kg in males and 100 kg in females, while the nominate subspecies was found to average 111 kg in unsexed adults. Exceptional male ostriches (in the nominate subspecies) have been weighing up to 156.8 kg. At sexual maturity (two to four years), male ostriches can be from 2.1 to 2.8 m in height, while female ostriches range from 1.7 to 2 m tall.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), also known as cilantro, Chinese parsley or dhania, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the parts most traditionally used in cooking. The fresh leaves are an ingredient in many South Asian foods (such as chutneys and salads), in Chinese dishes, in Mexican cooking, particularly in salsa and guacamole and as a garnish, and in salads in Russia and other CIS countries. Chopped coriander leaves are a garnish on Indian dishes such as dal. The dry fruits are known as coriander or coriandi seeds. In India they are called dhania. The word “coriander” in food preparation may refer solely to these seeds (as a spice), rather than to the plant. The seeds have a lemony citrus flavour when crushed, due to terpenes linalool and pinene.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

The Indian gooseberry, or aamla from Sanskrit amalika, is a deciduous tree of the family Phyllanthaceae. It is known for its edible fruit of the same name. Although these fruits are reputed to contain high amounts of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), 445 mg/100g, the specific contents are disputed, and the overall antioxidant strength of amla may derive instead from its high density of ellagitannins such as emblicanin A (37%), emblicanin B (33%), punigluconin (12%) and pedunculagin (14%). It also contains punicafolin and phyllanemblinin A, B, C, D, E and F. There is preliminary evidence in vitro that its extracts induce apoptosis and modify gene expression in osteoclasts involved in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. It may prove to have potential activity against some cancers.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Different fluids in the human body generally have a delicate range of acid-alkaline balance they maintain for optimal functioning. Human blood has a normal pH of about 7.41. The pH of urine has a wider range. Normal ranges for urine pH are from 4.5 to 8. When the pH levels of blood or other key bodily fluids fall out of optimal pH range due to adverse metabolic or respiratory conditions, the human body goes through a variety of adjustments to try to correct the acid or alkaline imbalance. If the body is too alkaline, a condition called alkalosis results. Conversely, an overly acid condition results in acidosis.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The thyroid gland in vertebrate anatomy, is one of the largest endocrine glands. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below the thyroid cartilage (which forms the laryngeal prominence, or “Adam’s apple”). The thyroid gland controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones. It participates in these processes by producing thyroid hormones, the principal ones being triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine which can sometimes be referred to as tetraiodothyronine (T4). These hormones regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. T3 and T4 are synthesized from both iodine and tyrosine. The thyroid also produces calcitonin, which plays a role in calcium homeostasis.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Blue whales are the largest animals ever known to have lived on Earth. These magnificent marine mammals rule the oceans at up to 100 feet (30 meters) long and upwards of 200 tons (181 metric tons). Their tongues alone can weigh as much as an elephant. Their hearts, as much as an automobile. Blue whales reach these mind-boggling dimensions on a diet composed nearly exclusively of tiny shrimplike animals called krill. During certain times of the year, a single adult blue whale consumes about 4 tons (3.6 metric tons) of krill a day.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Tusks are elongated, continuously growing front teeth, usually but not always in pairs, that protrude well beyond the mouth of certain mammal species. They are most commonly canines, as with warthogs, pig, and walruses, or, in the case of elephants, elongated incisors. In most tusked species both the males and the females have tusks although the males’ are larger.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Radon was once commonly used to treat cancer. The radiation it gives off kills cancer cells. However, the element must be used with great care because radiation can kill healthy cells as well. In fact, the bad side-effects of radiation therapy are caused by the killing of healthy cells by radiation. Today, radon is not as widely used for the treatment of cancer. Radon is a radioactive element. A radioactive element is one that gives off radiation and breaks down to form a different element. Radon is formed when heavier radioactive elements, like uranium and thorium, break down. In turn, radon breaks down to form lighter elements, such as lead and bismuth.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Cotton is the most popular of the Bt crops: it was planted on about 1.8 million acres (728437 ha) in 1996 and 1997. The Bt gene was isolated and transferred from a bacterium bacillus thurigiensis to American cotton. The American cotton was subsequently crossed with Indian cotton to introduce the gene into native varieties. The Bt cotton variety contains a foreign gene obtained from bacillus thuringiensis. This bacterial gene, introduced genetically into the cotton seeds, protects the plants from bollworm (A. lepidoptora), a major pest of cotton. The worm feeding on the leaves of a Bt cotton plant becomes lethargic and sleepy, thereby causing less damage to the plant.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several trees from the genus Cinnamomum that is used in both sweet and savoury foods. The bark must be processed immediately after harvesting while still wet. Once processed, the bark will dry completely in four to six hours, provided that it is in a well-ventilated and relatively warm environment. Sri Lanka cinnamon has a very thin, smooth bark with a light-yellowish brown colour and a highly fragrant aroma.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Produced in salivary glands, saliva is 98% water, but it contains many important substances, including electrolytes, mucus, antibacterial compounds and various enzymes. The digestive functions of saliva include moistening food, and helping to create a food bolus, so it can be swallowed easily. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase that breaks some starches down into maltose and dextrin. Thus, digestion of food occurs within the mouth, even before food reaches the stomach.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

The femur or thigh bone, is the most proximal (closest to the center of the body) bone of the leg in tetrapod vertebrates capable of walking or jumping, such as most land mammals, birds, many reptiles such as lizards, and amphibians such as frogs. In vertebrates with four legs such as dogs and horses, the femur is found only in the rear legs. The femur is the largest bone in the human body. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum. By most measures the femur is one of the strongest bones in the body.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Hummingbirds are birds that comprise the family Trochilidae. They are among the smallest of birds, most species measuring in the 7.5–13 cm (3–5 in) range. Indeed, the smallest extant bird species is a hummingbird, the 5-cm Bee Hummingbird. They can hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings 12–80 times per second (depending on the species). They are known as hummingbirds because of the humming sound created by their beating wings, which sometimes sound like bees or other insects.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Iodoform is the organoiodine compound with the formula CHI₃ . A pale yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, it has a penetrating odor and, analogous to chloroform, sweetish taste. It is occasionally used as a disinfectant. Around the beginning of the 20th century it was used in medicine as a healing and antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores, although this use is now superseded by superior antiseptics. Adolf Hitler’s mother, Klara Hitler, died of iodoform poisoning brought on by her treatment for breast cancer. It is the active ingredient in many ear powders for dogs and cats, to prevent infection and facilitate removal of ear hair, along with zinc oxide and propanoic acid.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Oxygen is one of several dissolved gases important to aquatic systems. Dissolved oxygen is necessary to maintain aerobic conditions in surface waters and is considered a primary indicator when assessing the suitability of surface waters to support aquatic life. For maintenance of aquatic health, dissolved oxygen concentrations should approach saturation – that concentration which is in equilibrium with the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen. Dissolved oxygen can be measured in two ways: either in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or percent saturation (% sat). Water with an oxygen concentration of less than 3 mg/l will generally not support fish. When concentrations fall to about 3-4 mg/L, fish start gasping for air at the surface or huddle around the water fall (higher concentration points). Bio-converter bacteria may start to die off dumping toxins into the water compounding the lack of oxygen to the fish. Levels between 3 and 5 mg/l can normally be tolerated for short periods. Young Koi are less tolerant of low oxygen than the older, larger ones. Above 5 mg/l, almost all aquatic organisms can survive indefinitely, provided other environmental parameters are within allowable limits. Colder water fish (such as trout) need levels above 6 mg/L, and may require levels above 7 mg/L for spawning. Warm water fish can usually tolerate levels as low as 4 mg/L. If oxygen levels dip down to 1-2 mg/L, even only for a few hours, it can result in large fish kills.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

An accessory fruit (sometimes called false fruit, spurious fruit, pseudofruit, or pseudocarp) is a fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. Examples of accessory tissue are the receptacle of strawberries, figs, or mulberries, and the calyx of Gaultheria procumbens or Syzygium jambos. Pomes, such as apples and pears, are also accessory fruits, with much of the fruit flesh derived from a hypanthium. Fruit with fleshy seeds, such as pomegranate or mamoncillo, are not considered to be accessory fruit.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The blood sugar concentration or blood glucose level is the amount of glucose (sugar) present in the blood of a human or animal. The body naturally tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 – 130 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals (as measured by a blood glucose monitor). Less than 100 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) = normal fasting glucose. More than 100 but less than 126 mg/dl = pre-diabetes. More than 126 mg/dl = provisional diagnosis of diabetes.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Human African trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness, African lethargy, or Congo trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease of people and animals, caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by the tsetse fly. It results in swelling of the brain. The disease is endemic in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa, covering areas in about 37 countries containing more than 60 million people. An estimated 50,000 to 70,000 people are currently infected, the number having declined somewhat in recent years. The tsetse fly is a large, brown, biting fly that serves as both a host and vector for the trypanosome parasites.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Echolocation, also called biosonar, is the biological sonar used by several kinds of animals. Echolocating animals emit calls out to the environment and listen to the echoes of those calls that return from various objects near them. They use these echoes to locate and identify the objects. Echolocating animals include some mammals and a few birds; most notably microchiro-pteran bats and odontocetes (toothed whales and dolphins), but also in simpler form in other groups such as shrews, one genus of megachiropteran bats (Rousettus) and two cave dwelling bird groups, the so-called cave swiftlets in the genus Aerodramus (formerly Collocalia) and the unrelated Oilbird Steatornis caripensis.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Iodine solution is used to test the presence of starch. Starch is a polymeric carbohydrate that is made up of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds. Many green plants store starch as energy. 

• When iodine solution comes into contact with starch, the solution turns blue-black or purple. 
• This is because of a chemical reaction between iodine and the starch. 
• The iodine–starch test is a colorimetric method that is used in laboratories and educational settings. 

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

The largest invertebrate is Mollusc. With over 80,000 species, molluscs form the second largest phylum of animals on Earth and range from tiny snails to giant squid.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Robert Hooke (1665) observed a section of cork under his microscope and found its structure resembling a ‘honey comb’. He gave the name ‘cell’ to each of the compartments of the honey comb like structure. Two German biologists, M Schleiden and T Schwann, proposed the famous cell theory in 1938-39.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

The term fine particles, or particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5), refers to tiny particles or droplets in the air that are two and one half microns or less in width. Particles in the PM_2.5 size range are able to travel deeply into the respiratory tract, reaching the lungs. Exposure to fine particles can cause short-term health effects such as eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, coughing, sneezing, runny nose and shortness of breath. Exposure to fine particles can also affect lung function and worsen medical conditions such as asthma and heart disease.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Hormonal Proteins are messenger proteins which help to coordinate certain bodily activities. Examples include Insulin, Oxytocin, and Somatotropin. Oxytocin stimulates contractions in females during childbirth.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Primary producers are the organisms in an ecosystem that produce biomass from inorganic compounds (autotrophs). In almost all cases these are photosynthetically active organisms (plants, cyanobacteria and a number of other unicellular organisms.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Salt, fat and leavening agents such as yeast and baking soda are common ingredients, though bread may contain other ingredients also. Yeast plays an important role in bread-making. It ferments and grows when combined with “food” such as flour and/ or sugar, and warmed. Carbon dioxide is produced and trapped in the dough as tiny air bubbles which make the bread rise during cooking and give it its characteristic texture.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Adrenalin is often referred to as ‘emergency hormones’ because they are released when a person feels excited. Thus, it is this hormone that often gives people the strength to do otherwise-impossible deeds and prevent emergencies.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease which begins with a bite from an infected female Anopheles mosquito, which introduces the protists through saliva into the circulatory system. In the blood, the protists travel to the liver to mature and reproduce.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

In general, liver is a good source of vitamin A, iron, zinc, copper and manganese, and a very good source of protein. There are twenty grams of protein in a single slice of liver.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Cuscuta (dodder) is a genus of about 100–170 species of yellow, orange, or red parasitic plants. Dodder is parasitic on a very wide variety of plants, including a number of agricultural and horticultural crop species, such as alfalfa, lespedeza, flax, clover, potatoes, etc.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

In each menstrual cycle, rising levels of oestrogen cause the ovary to develop an egg and release it (ovulation). After ovulation, the egg lives for 24 hours.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The daily salt intake of camels is eight times that of a typical cow or sheep. Yet, surprisingly, they do not develop high blood pressure. Similarly, their blood sugar levels are twice those of other cudchewing animals; still they do not develop diabetes.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Leachate is any liquid that, in passing through matter, extracts solutes, suspended solids or any other component of the material through which it has passed. In older landfills and those with no membrane between the waste and the underlying geology, leachate is free to egress the waste directly into the groundwater. In such cases high concentrations of leachate are often found in nearby springs and flushes.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

In human anatomy, the pleural cavity is the potential space between the two pleura (visceral and parietal) of the lungs. The pleura is a serous membrane which folds back onto itself to form a two layered membrane structure.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

The best food for the newborn baby is mother’s milk. Breast milk is free from contamination and adulteration and supplies nutrients in almost correct amounts.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme, RNA polymerase. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The chief cells of the stomach secrete enzymes for protein breakdown (inactive pepsinogen and rennin). Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino acids, a process known as proteolysis.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Emulsification is the breakdown of large fat globules into smaller, uniformly distributed particles. It is accomplished mainly by bile acids in the small intestine. Emulsification is the first preparation of fat for chemical digestion by specific enzymes.

Answer is Option (3) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Taxonomy is the academic discipline of defining groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics and giving names to those groups. Each group is given a rank and groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a super group of higher rank and thus create a hierarchical classification.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

All crustaceans have a body covered with a protective shell composed of a horny substance called chiton. The outer skeleton is not continuous but made up of divided sections called somites.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

With its excess secretion, also known as hypersecretion, thyroxin (T4) causes an increased heart rate, high blood pressure, possible palpitations, and could lead to heart failure. It is related to hyperthyroidism.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

PM-10 is a particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 µm. Particles larger than 10 microns tend to be filtered out in the nose and therefore do not enter the respiratory tract.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

The Sarus Crane is the state bird of Uttar Pradesh. These birds have always been known to inhabit the state, and even historic epics originating from the state have made references to the species (Leslie 1998).

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Camels require six to eight times the salt intake of other animals. This helps the camel’s body to store water in its cells. At an average, camels need a ration of 45-60 grams of salt every day.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Pollen grains of monocots have one opening, while pollen grains of dicots have three openings. Pollengrains can be monocolpate (having one germ pore called germinal furrow e.g., monocots), bicolpate (2 germ pores) and tricolpate (3 germ pores e.g., dicots).

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

According to the noise pollution rules, the permissible noise level during the day is 50dB in silence zones, 55dB in residential areas, 65 dB in commercial areas and 75 dB in industrial areas. The night time permissible levels for silence zones, residential areas, commercial areas and industrial areas are respectively 40 dB, 45 dB, 55 dB and 70 dB.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

An egg yolk is a part of an egg which feeds the developing embryo. As a food, yolks are a major source of vitamins and minerals. They contain all of the egg’s fat and cholesterol, and about one-half of the protein.

Answer is Option (1) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Normal human body temperature in adults is 34.4–37.8°C. Sometimes a narrower range is stated, such as 36.5–37.5°C. Hypothermia is defined as any body temperature below 35.0°C.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Eight attempts have been made to date to eradicate infectious diseases. Two successful programs targeted smallpox and rinderpest. The last naturally occurring case of smallpox (Variola minor) was diagnosed on 26 October, 1977.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Blood is considered a connective tissue for two basic reasons: (i) embryologically, it has the same origin (mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types and (ii) blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

A limnic eruption, also referred to as a lake overturn, is a rare type of natural disaster in which dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂) suddenly erupts from deep lake water, suffocating wildlife, livestock and humans. Such an eruption may also cause tsunamis in the lake as the rising CO₂ displaces water.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

It was discovered relatively long ago (1930’s) that injections of progesterone were effective as a contraceptive in preventing pregnancies. Progesterone is used as a contraceptive for creating a hostile environment for fertilization and not allowing sperm to enter the egg.

Answer is Option (4) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

Answer is Option (1) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The Malabar Grey Hornbill is a hornbill that is endemic to the Western Ghats and associated hills of southern India. They are found mainly in dense forest and around rubber, arecanut or coffee plantations.

Answer is Option (3) SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy by organisms. Carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials of this process. The light energy comes from the sun and its end products are oxygen and glucose.

Answer is Option (4) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

Fine particles known as PM-10 and PM-2.5 can penetrate deep into the lungs, creating health problems. People with heart or lung diseases, older adults, and children are most likely to have problems because of contact with particle pollution. Short-term exposure to PM among pregnant women has been associated with prematurity and growth retardation.

Answer is Option (3) for SSC CGL biology previous year question

Arson is the crime of intentionally and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wild land areas, vehicles or other property with the intent to cause damage. Distinct from spontaneous combustion and natural wildfires, it is considered to be a man-made disaster which is socially induced.

Answer is Option (2) for Previous Year Biology Questions for SSC CGL

The thyroid gland is one of the largest endocrine glands in the human body which is found in the neck. It controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones.

Answer is Option (2) for SSC CGL biology previous year questions

Water potential is the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water in reference conditions. Water potential quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure, or matrix effects such as surface tension. Water potential is typically expressed in potential energy per unit volume and very often is represented by the Greek letter.